在CK7815型数控车床上对图示的零件精加工。图中Φ5mm不加工,编制精加工程序。
(一)首先根据图纸要求按先主后次的加工原则,确定工艺路线
1)先从左至右切削外轮廓面。其路线为: 倒角——切削螺纹的实际外圆——切削锥度部分——车削Φ62mm外圆——倒角——车Φ80mm外圆——切削圆弧部分——车Φ80mm外圆。
2)切3mm×Φ45mm的槽。
3)车M48×1.5的螺纹。
(二)选择刀具并绘制刀具布置图
根据加工要求需选用三把刀具。1号刀车外圆,2号刀切槽,3号刀车螺纹。
在绘制刀具布置图时,要正确选择换刀点,以避免换刀时刀具与机床、工件及夹具发生碰撞现象。本例换刀点选为A(200,350)点。
(三)确定切削用量 如表所示。
normal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center> 切削用量
normal style="TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt">切削表面
主辅转速
S /(r/min)
进给速度
f/(mm/r)
车外圆
630
0.15
切槽
315
0.16
车螺纹
200
1.50
该机床可以采用绝对值和增量值混合编程,绝对值用X、Z地址,增量值用U、W地址,采用小数点编程。
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">%0011
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N01G92 X200.0 Z350.0;(坐标系设定)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N02 S630 M03
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">T0101 M08
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N03 G00 X41.8 Z292.0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G95 F0.15 (转进给)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N04 G01 X47.8 Z289.0 (倒角)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N05 U0 W-59.0 (Φ47.8mm)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N06 X50.0 W0;(退刀)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N07 X62.0 W-60.0;(锥度)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N08 U0 Z155.0;(Φ62mm)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N09 X78.0 W0;(退刀)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N10 X80.0 W-1.0;(倒角)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N11 U0 W-19.0;(车Φ80mm外圆)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N12 G02 U0 W-60.0 I63.25 K-30.0;(圆弧)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N13 G01 U0 Z65.0;(车Φ80mm外圆)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> N14 X90.0 W0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N15 G00 X200.0 Z350.0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">M05 T0100 M09;(退刀)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N16 X51.0 Z230.0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">S315 M03T02 M08
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N17 G01 X45.0 W0 F0.16;(切槽)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N18 G04P5.0;(延时)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N19 G00 X51.0(退刀)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N20 X200.0 Z350.0 M05 T0200 M09;(退刀)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N21 G00 X52.0 Z296.0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">S200 M03T03 M08
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 G90 X47.2
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G32 G91 Z-64.5 F1.5;(切螺纹)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 G91 X100.0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 Z64.5
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 G90 X46.6
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G32 G91 Z-64.5 F1.5;(切螺纹)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 G91 X100.0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 Z64.5
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 G90 X46.2
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G32 G91 Z-64.5 F1.5;(切螺纹)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 G91 X100.0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 Z64.5
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 G90 X45.8
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G32 G91 Z-64.5 F1.5;(切螺纹)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">G00 G91 X100.0
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N26 G00 X200.0 Z350.0 T0300;(退至起点)
normal style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">N27 M30